Course Title：伦理学导论

The topics of the course are: the nature and definiton of morality as a specific evaluational criterion and as a social fact, ethics as a philosophical theory of the morality; exploring basic distinctions between events and acts, causes and reasons, values and facts; ethical theories, brief examination of five ethical theories (direct intuition and „golden rule“, virtue ethics, theory of double effect, utilitarianism, and deontology); metaethics (theory of meaning and theory of justification of moral terms and sentences, „is/ought“ gap, institutional facts, regulative and constitutive rules); the origin of ethics as a philosophical endevour (phisis/nomos, Socrates), a brief outline of the history of ethics; cultural and ethical relativism; religion and morality (Divine Command Theory); justice and social contract theory; psychological and ethical egoism; utilitarianism in more details: instrumental rationality, the strucure and scope of consequentialism; Kantian deontological ethics in more details, categorical imperative, duties, compatibilism; Applied ethics (in short outline: bioethics, business ethics, environmental ethics, computer ethics).